1. Minimize HTTP Requests
- What it is: Every element (images, CSS, JavaScript) on a page requires an HTTP request. Too many requests slow down the page load.
- How to optimize: Combine CSS and JavaScript files, reduce the number of images, and use CSS sprites for small icons to minimize requests.
2. Enable Browser Caching
- What it is: Browser caching allows static resources (images, scripts) to be stored locally on the user’s device, reducing the need to reload them every time.
- How to optimize: Set up proper cache headers (like
Cache-Control) to store static resources for a longer period.
3. Optimize Images
- What it is: Large image files can drastically slow down page loading.
- How to optimize: Compress images without losing quality (using tools like TinyPNG), use modern formats like WebP, and implement responsive images (
srcset) for different screen sizes.
4. Minify and Compress CSS, JavaScript, and HTML
- What it is: Minification removes unnecessary spaces, comments, and characters in code, while compression reduces file sizes.
- How to optimize: Use tools like UglifyJS, CSSNano, or HTMLMinifier to minify and Gzip/Brotli compression to reduce file size.
5. Use Content Delivery Network (CDN)
- What it is: CDNs distribute your website’s content across multiple global servers, reducing latency and speeding up load times.
- How to optimize: Use a CDN like Cloudflare, Akamai, or AWS CloudFront to serve static assets closer to the user’s location.